1.Properties
Accelerator (DM) is a white or light yellow powder with slight bitter taste, Density 1.45-1.54, soluble in chloroform, partly soluble in benzene, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, insoluble in gasoline, water and ethyl ethanol, and stable under storing conditions. The CAS NO. is 120-78-5.
2.Application
Accelerator (DM) has medium curing rate in NR and SR; suitable for most general rubbers; Used as plasticizer and delay agent in chloroprene rubber. It is usually used together with secondary accelerator in the synthesis of polymers; has better scorch safety than MBT.
3.Biomedical Effects and Toxicity
To determine the metabolic disposition of Accelerator (DM) and Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) male and female rats were dosed topically. Topical doses were 36.1 ug/animal for Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) and 33.6 ug/animal for Accelerator (DM) .
Although more Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) passed through the skin than Accelerator (DM)and although relative to rats, guinea pigs absorbed a greater percentage of the dose (33.4% compared to 16.1-17.5% of the MBTS and 12.2% compared to 5.94-7.87% for DM) the disposition of radioactivity derived from the two compounds was similar. Washing of the skin removed more of the radioactivity from guinea pigs than from rats.
For both sexes of rats dosed iv with Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) 0.602 mg/kg) or Accelerator (DM)0.571 mg/kg) disposition of the compounds was similar. In 72 hr, 90.9-101% of the dose appeared in the urine and 3.79-15.1% in the feces. At this time a small portion of the administered radioactivity (1.52-1.96% of the dose) remained associated with erythrocytes.
Oral dosing of rats for 14 days with unlabeled MBTS (0.510 mg/kg/day) prior to a single dose of MBTS (0.503 mg/kg) or with unlabeled DM (0.521 mg/kg/day) prior to a single dose of DM(0.730 mg/kg). For both sexes disposition of the compounds was similar. At 96 hr after dosing a small portion of the administered radioactivity (1.20-1.69% of the dose) remained associated with erythrocytes most of which was bound to the membranes.
For both compounds and sexes 60.8-101% of the radioactivity administered appeared in the urine and 3.46-9.99% in the feces in 96 hr. At the time only trace amounts of radioactivity remained in tissues other than blood. Of these tissues thyroid contained the highest concentration. In the urine there was a detectable DM or MBTS but there were two metabolites one of which was identified as a thioglucuronide derivative of Accelerator disulfide (MBTS). The other was possibly a sulfonic acid derivative of Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) .
In conclusion there were similarities in absorption, distribution, and metabolism of Accelerator (DM) and Accelerator disulfide (MBTS) in rats and in guinea pigs, indicating that Accelerator (DM) was readily converted to Accelerator disulfide (MBTS).
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Bromoethane, also known as ethyl bromide, is a chemical compound of the haloalkanes group. It is abbreviated by chemists as EtBr. This volatile compound has an ether-like odour.
In organic synthesis, Bromoethane is the synthetic equivalent of the ethyl carbocation (Et+) synthon. In reality, such a cation is not actually formed. For example, carboxylates salts are converted to ethyl esters, carbanions to ethylated derivatives, thiourea into ethylisothiouronium salts, and amines into ethylamines.
The preparation of Bromoethane(CAS NO.: 74-96-4) stands as a model for the synthesis of alkyl bromides in general. It is usually prepared by the addition of HBr to ethene:
H2C=CH2 + HBr → H3C-CH2Br
Bromoethane is inexpensive and would rarely be prepared in the laboratory. A laboratory synthesis include the reacting ethanol with a mixture of hydrobromic and sulfuric acids. An alternate route involves refluxing ethanol with phosphorus and bromine; phosphorus tribromide is generated in situ.
Bromoethane is Dangerous!
Bromoethane is an extremely flammable liquid. Water-reactive. Carcinogen. It causes respiratory tract irritation. Causes eye and skin irritation. Inhalation of a mist of this material may cause irritation of the lungs. May cause digestive tract irritation. May cause cancer in humans. May cause lung damage. May cause cardiac disturbances. May cause liver and kidney damage. Target Organs: Kidneys, heart, liver, lungs.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:it causes eye irritation.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Exposure may cause irritation characterized by redness, dryness, and inflammation.
Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause respiratory failure. May cause systemic toxic effects on the heart, liver, and kidneys.
Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Irritation may lead to chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema. May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Causes narcotic effects including headache, dizziness, weakness, unconsciousness, and possible death.
Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause irritation. Chronic inhalation and ingestion
may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation and ingestion. May cause cancer in humans.
First Aid Measures
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.
Halocarbons in general are potentially dangerous alkylating agents. Bromides are better alkylating agents than chlorides, thus exposure to Bromoethane should be minimized. Bromoethane is classified by the State of California as carcinogenic and a reproductive toxin.
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Chemical and physical properties:
Molecular Formula: C7H6N2S
Chemical Properties : yellow or white crystals
General Description : White to yellow crystals or cream colored powder. Slight odor.
Molecular Weight: 150.2
CAS Number: 583-39-1
Usage: 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole uses as an antidegradant, protecting rubber from oxidation. It is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of Rabeprazole (R070500).
Synonyms of 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole:
1,3-dihydro-2h-benzimidazole-2-thion;1,3-Dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-thione;1,3-Dihydro-benzoimidazole-2-thione;1H-Benzimidazol-2-ylhydrosulfide;2,3-Dihydro-1H-benzimidazole-2-thiol;2-Benzimidazolethione;2-Benzimidazolinethione;2-benzimidazolinthion
Product Specifications:
MP : 300-304 degree C(lit.)
Density : 1.42
Fp : >250 degree C
Storage temp. : Refrigerator, Under Inert Atmosphere
Water Solubility : <0.1 g/100 mL at 23.5degreeC
Merck : 14,1082
BRN : 119867
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
CAS DataBase Reference: 583-39-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole(583-39-1)
EPA Substance Registry System: 2H-Benzimidazole- 2-thione, 1,3-dihydro-(583-39-1)
Potential Health Effects about 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole
Eye: 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole can cause eye irritation.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed. May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation: Harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
Chronic: No information found
First Aid Measures about 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Wash mouth out with water.
Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.
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Veratraldehyde is an organic compound that is widely used as a flavorant and odorant. The compound is structurally related to benzaldehyde. This compound is popular commercially because of its pleasant woody fragrance. It is derivative of vanillin, from which it is prepared by methylation. The Molecular Formula is C9H10O3, Molecular Weight is 166.18, and the CAS Registry Number is 120-14-9.
First aid measures of Veratraldehyde
General advice: Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled: If breathed inVeratraldehyde, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact: Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact: Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed:Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures of Veratraldehyde
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media：Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture：Carbon oxides
Advice for firefighters：Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Veratraldehyde exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166 Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Body Protection
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
For nuisance exposures use type P95 (US) or type P1 (EU EN 143) particle respirator.For higher level protection use type OV/AG/P99 (US) or type ABEK-P2 (EU EN 143) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU)
Handing and storage of Veratraldehyde
Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.Normal measures for preventive fire protection.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store Veratraldehyde in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep container closed when not in use. Store Veratraldehyde in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
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Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2. Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendency to absorb water and to supercool mean it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid. It is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol. Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base. Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the alcohol groups, DEA is soluble in water.
Diethanolamine is a colorless powder or liquid with a slight ammonia-like odor. The odor threshold is 0.27 parts per million (ppm). The chemical formula is C4H11NO2, and the molecular weight is 105.1 g/mol. The vapor pressure is 0.577 mm Hg at 25 degree C, and it has a log octanol/water partition coefficient (log Kow) of -1.46. The CAS NO is 111-42-2.
Diethanolamine is used in cutting oils, soaps, shampoos, cleaners, polishers, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used as an intermediate in the rubber chemicals industry, as a humectant and softening agent, and as an emulsifier and dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals. Some of the most commonly used diethanolamides include: Cocamide DEA, DEA-Cetyl Phosphate, DEA Oleth-3 Phosphate, Lauramide DEA, Myristamide DEA, Oleamide DEA.
Diethanolamine is used in a number of consumer products, such as shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Limited information is available on the health effects of this drug. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure to this drug in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may irritate the skin.
No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and central nervous system (CNS) from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice from dermal exposure to this medicine. EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity.
Diethanolamine is a potential skin irritant in workers sensitized by exposure to water-based metalworking fluids. One study showed that DEA inhibits in baby mice the absorption of choline, which is necessary for brain development and maintenance; however, a study in humans determined that dermal treatment for 1 month with a commercially available skin lotion containing DEA resulted in DEA levels that were "far below those concentrations associated with perturbed brain development in the mouse".
In a mouse study of chronic exposure to inhaled Diethanolamine at high concentrations (above 150 mg/m3), it was found to induce body and organ weight changes, clinical and histopathological changes, indicative of mild blood, liver, kidney and testicular systemic toxicity. A 2009 study found that Diethanolamine has potential acute, chronic and subchronic toxicity properties for aquatic species.
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Chemical name: L-Glutamine,N-ethyl-
Synonyms: Glutamine,N-ethyl-, L- (6CI,7CI,8CI); Ng-Ethyl-L-glutamine; Suntheanine; Theanin; Theanine; L-Theanine
Molecular Weight: 174.19766 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula: C7H14N2O3
H-Bond Donor: 3
H-Bond Acceptor: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 5
Tautomer Count: 2
CAS NO.: 3081-61-6
L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- also gamma-glutamylethylamide or 5-N-ethyl-glutamine, is an amino acid and a glutamic acid analog primarily found in tea , and also in the basidiomycete mushroom Boletus badius and in guayusa. The L-enantiomer is the form which is found in tea and used as a supplement by humans.
L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- was discovered as a constituent of green tea in 1949 and was approved in Japan in 1964 for unlimited use in all foods, including chocolates, soft drinks, and herb teas, except infant foods. It also provides a unique umami (brothy or savory) taste and flavor to green tea infusion.
Arly studies of L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- involved much larger doses than are found in an everyday cup of tea. Researchers wonder whether drinking tea might have the same effects found in those studies. However, one recent study by Unilever found that smaller doses typical of those found in a cup of tea did induce changes in alpha waves as shown by EEG. Alpha waves occur in the brain and are associated with relaxation.
Able to cross the blood-brain barrier, L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- has psychoactive properties.L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- has been studied for its potential ability to reduce mental and physical stress, improve cognition, and boost mood and cognitive performance in a synergistic manner with caffeine.
While structurally related to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- only has weak affinity for the glutamate receptor on postsynaptic cells. Rather, its primary effect seems to increase the overall level of the brain inhibitory transmitter GABA. L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- also increases brain dopamine levels and has a low affinity for AMPA, kainate, and NMDA receptors. Its effect on serotonin is still a matter of debate in the scientific community, with studies showing increases and decreases in brain serotonin levels using similar experimental protocols. It has also been found that injecting spontaneously hypertensive mice with L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- significantly lowered levels of 5-hydroxyindoles in the brain. Researchers also speculate it may inhibit glutamic acid excitotoxicity. L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- also promotes alpha wave production in the brain.
Studies on test rats have shown even repeated, extremely high doses of L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- cause little to no harmful psychological or physical effects. L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- showed neuroprotective effects in one rat study.
A placebo-controlled trial has shown adding L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- to ongoing antipsychotic medication is helpful in reducing some symptoms of schizophrenia.Several beverage manufacturers are selling drinks containing L-Glutamine,N-ethyl- and are marketing them as drinks to help people focus and concentrate, while other manufacturers claim relaxing and tranquillizing properties.
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Sodium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula NaHS. It is the product of the half neutralization of hydrogen sulfide with sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydrosulfide is a useful reagent for the synthesis of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds, sometimes as a solid reagent, and more often as an aqueous solution. It is colorless and typically smells like H2S due to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture.
In contrast with sodium sulfide, Na2S, which is insoluble in organic solvents, NaHS, being a 1:1 electrolyte, is more soluble. Alternatively, in place of NaHS, H2S can be treated with an organic amine to generate an ammonium salt. Solutions of HS-are sensitive to oxygen, converting mainly to polysulfides, indicated by the appearance of yellow.
The sodium hydrosulfide(CAS NO.:16721-80-5) instead of hydrogen sulfide as the main raw material for production of sodium methyl mercaptide, as manufacturers of raw materials.
The environmental problems of sodium methyl mercaptide factories, especially the bad odor pollution damage to the environment, is sodium hydrosulfide manufacturers and sodium methyl mercaptide factory mainly face the problem. The hydrogen sulfide odor is a major source of odor pollution in the production process. Sodium hydrosulphide is raw material to produce hydrogen sulfide gas. Sodium hydrosulfide as main raw material, used in the production of sodium methyl mercaptide, is the main way of our country at present.Therefore, how to eliminate the production of sodium hydrosulfide production process the odor, become a key problem of manufacturers.
But the real use, sodium methyl mercaptide is our country and export of important basic chemical raw materials, it’s essential for other products.
There are many local manufacturers boss, try various devices to hurry on the project soon, sodium hydrosulfide production caused by the improper disposal of hydrogen sulfide gas, causing adverse effects on the environment and human ecology. Now the authorities also to the project examination and approval, and harsh and hinder the project development.
Sodium hydrosulfide production sodium methyl mercaptide, is now the main production of domestic manufacturers. Domestic sodium hydrosulfide method manufacturers mainly concentrated in North China, such as Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Zibo is the main area of concentration manufacturers sodium hydrosulfide method. South China existing sodium methyl mercaptide production factory, manufacturers, but the south area of the product for the use of large dosage, application of high-grade stability and bridging agent main synthesis, then most exported abroad. Therefore, sodium hydrosulfide method of sodium methyl mercaptide very broad market prospects.
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