Clinical evaluation of lithium carbonate

Lithium carbonate is an inorganic compound, the lithium salt of carbonate with the formula Li2CO3. This white salt is widely used in the processing of metal oxides and has received attention for the treatment for manic and bipolar disorder. It exists as the rare mineral zabuyelite. The CAS NO is 554-13-2.

Like related lithium salts, Li2CO3 is an ionic compound. Its solubility in water is low relative to other lithium salts. The isolation of lithium from aqueous extracts of lithium ores capitalizes on this poor solubility. Its apparent solubility increases tenfold under a mild pressure of carbon dioxide; this effect is due to the formation of the metastable bicarbonate.

Lithium carbonate is a kind of effective antimanic drugs, here is the clinical evaluation of lithium carbonate.

Effect of lithium carbonate on different doses of placebo controlled study. The results showed that the curative effect of the product, a variety of subtypes of depression, compared with placebo had significant difference with this one day after 75~225mg treatment, the curative effect is the same to clomipramine, imipramine, 3-Triadimefon and fluoxetine at least, and in the early treatment is effective, the effect can be continued for a year.

To treat the patients with severe depression with lithium carbonate 200mg a day. After 4 days the visible MADRs score improvement, improve the score of HAMD after a week. This product use effect after a week in the outpatient of severe depressive patients, the HAMD, MADRs and CGI scores were significantly improved, and lasting effect.

A randomized compared study was done in a group of 68 patients with severe depression between Lithium carbonate and fluoxetine. Lithium carbonate in the treatment group began to dose for a day of 100mg, finally reaches a day 200mg. Fluoxetine treatment group seven was a dose of 20mg, finally achieve a day 40mg. After 4 weeks of treatment, lithium carbonate group is obviously better than that of fluoxetine (p=0.027). Total HAMD scale improvement of two components is 73% and 50%; MADRs score improved respectively 70% and 50%; CGI-S score improved respectively 72% and 51%.

The other three cases amounted to 282 people in the study of maintenance therapy, the groups with lithium carbonate, imipramine and 3-triadimefon in acute treatment is effective as maintenance treatment, the recurrence rate which group use lithium carbonate is lowest.

Through clinical research data on II and phase III clinical analysis on thousands of patients, show that lithium carbonate has a good effect in treatment on senile depression; lithium carbonate also has a good treatment effect on drug resistance in patients with depression and patients with refractory depression.

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