2014年3月2日星期日

Summarize information of Glyoxylic acid

Glyoxylic acid is a kind of yellowish transparent liquids with Molecular Formul:C2H2O3, Molecular Weight : 74.04. It is usually described with the chemical formula OCHCO2H, i.e. containing an aldehyde functional group. In fact the aldehyde is not observed in solution or as a solid. In general aldehydes with electron-withdrawing substituents often exist mainly as their hydrate.

Glyoxylic acid(CAS NO:298-12-4) is the smallest alpha-keto acid which has a ketone group on the carbon atom next to the acid group. If the ketone group is on the second carbon next to the acid group, it is called beta-keto acid. Glyoxylic acid has dual functional compound with both carboxylic acid and aldehyde. One more example of small mole weight alpha-keto acid is pyruvic acid which has methyl branch.

Glyoxylic acid is formed by organic oxidation of glyoxal with hot nitric acid, the main side product being oxalic acid. Ozonolysis of maleic acid is also effective.The conjugate base of gloxylic acid is known as glyoxylate and is the form that the compound exists in solution at neutral pH. Glyoxylate is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle, which enables organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and plants to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates. Glyoxylate is the byproduct of the amidation process in biosynthesis of several amidated peptides.Historically glyoxylic acid was prepared from oxalic acid electrosynthetically.

Glyoxylic acid is present in the body as the primary precursor of oxalic acid and as an intermediate in the conversion of glycolic acid to glycine. The metabolic pathway to convert fat to carbohydrateby in certain microorganisms and plants is called glyoxylate cycle. Glyoxylates, any salt, anion, or ester of glyoxylic acid, are important in biochemical research.

Pure glyoxylic acid(CAS NO:298-12-4) is a liquid with melting point of -93 C and boiling Point of 111 C. Glyoxylic acid is formed in commerce by oxidation reaction of glycolic acid or by ozonolysis and reduction of maleic acid. Ozonolysis which uses ozone is to cleave the alkene bonds. Eexample of ozonolysis in commerce is the production of odd carbon number carboxylic acids such as azelaic acid and pelargonic acid and simple carboxylic acids such as formic acid and oxalic acid.

Allantoin, active in skin-softening and rapid cell regeneration by precipitating proteins on skin is the diureide of glyoxylic acid. In industrial field, it is used as a basic chemical for the synthesis of other chemical products of acids, esters, cyclic compounds. Applications filed includes aroma compounds, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.

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2014年2月27日星期四

Safety using of BOC-D-Phenylalanine

BOC-D-Phenylalanine is a kind of white to off-white crystalline powder with Molecular Formula: C14H19NO4 and Molecular Weight: 265.31. It has the Synonyms: Boc-D-Phe-OH and (2R)-3-phenyl-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propanoate. 

Other properties of BOC-D-Phenylalanine:
Density: 1.16 g/cm3;     Boiling Point: 426.6 C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point: 85-88 C;   Flash Point:211.8  C
CAS Registry Number:18942-49-9

Potential Health Effects
Eye: BOC-D-Phenylalanine will cause eye irritation. 
Skin: it may cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. 
Ingestion: it may also cause irritation of the digestive tract. May be harmful if swallowed. 
Inhalation: when InhalateBOC-D-Phenylalanine, may cause respiratory tract irritation.

First Aid Measures 
Eyes: if eye contact BOC-D-Phenylalanine, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Then you should better get medical aid. 
Skin: Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes, if your skin contact it . Then Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. 
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting after Ingestiing BOC-D-Phenylalanine. Get medical aid if irritation or symptoms occur. 
Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear. 

Fire Fighting Measures
General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. 
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam. 

Exposure Controls, Personal Protection
Engineering Controls: 
Facilities storing or utilizing BOC-D-Phenylalanine(CAS Registry Number:18942-49-9)should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. 

Personal Protective Equipment 
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. 
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. 
Respirators:Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. 

Handling and Storage 
Handling: Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not get  BOC-D-Phenylalanine in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Do not ingest or inhale it . 
Storage: Store BOC-D-Phenylalanine in a tightly closed container. Store in a dry area. Keep refrigerated.

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2014年2月26日星期三

Isobutyl Acetate used as a solvent

Isobutyl Acetate, is also known as 2-methylpropyl ethanoate with Molecular Formula: C6H12O2 and Molecular Weight: 116.16. It is a common solvent, produced from the esterification of isobutanol with acetic acid. It is very soluble in ethanol and ether, soluble in acetone. The CAS Registry Number is 110-19-0.

Isobutyl acetate has three isomers: n-butyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate, and sec-butyl acetate, which are also common solvents. A common method for preparing isobutyl acetate is Fischer esterification, where precursors isobutyl alcohol and acetic acid are heated in the presence of a strong acid.

Isobutyl Acetate is used as a solvent for lacquer and nitrocellulose. Like many esters it has a fruity or floral smell at low concentrations and occurs naturally in raspberries, pears and other plants. At higher concentrations the odor can be unpleasant and may cause symptoms of central nervous system depression such as nausea, dizziness and headache.

Isobutyl Acetate is the ester that an organic group replaces a hydrogen atom in -OH group of acetic acid through reaction with alcohols. Condensation is the reaction in which two molecules having -OH groups are joined with eliminating a water molecule from their -OH groups. 

It is also for the salt that one or more of the hydrogen atoms of acetic acid are replaced by one or more cations of the base, resulting in a compound containing the negative organic ion of CH3COO-. Lower acetate is a non-polar to weak polar aprotic solvent which have some solubility portion in water. Its miscibility with water gets higher at elevated temperature. Higher acetates have a low solubility in water and used as extraction solvents for fine chemicals particularly for certain antibiotics. 

Isobutyl Acetate is also a good solvent for a broad range of resins as they are miscible with almost all common organic liquids. Due to their powerful solvency, high volatility and mild odor, acetates are widely used as solvents for paints, coatings, adhesives, cellulose, plastics, fats, wood stains. 

Additionally Isobutyl Acetate(CAS NO:110-19-0) provides the compatibility between water and a number of organic solvents, and the ability to couple unlike phases. The main products include ethyleneglycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether acetate, and propyleneglycol monomethyl ether acetate. Aromatic acetates such as benzyl acetate are also useful solvent. Benzyl acetate has jasmine like odor. 

Isobutyl Acetate has a similar smell to both banana and pear. Acetates have characteristic fruity odor. They are used as component of perfumes and flavorings. They are used as chemical intermediate to manufacture pharmaceuticals, synthetic flavorings, cleaners, and other organic compounds.

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2014年2月25日星期二

The cancer risk of 1,4-Dioxane

1,4-Dioxane is used as a solvent. Acute inhalation exposure to high levels of 1,4-dioxane has caused vertigo, drowsiness, headache, anorexia and irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs in humans. It may also irritate the skin. Damage to the liver and kidneys has been observed in rats chronically exposed in their drinking water.  

In three epidemiologic studies on workers exposed to 1,4-dioxane(CAS NO:123-91-1), the observed number of cancer cases did not differ from the expected cancer deaths. Tumors have been observed in orally exposed animals. EPA has classified 1,4-dioxane as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.

1,4-Dioxane is used as a solvent for cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, resins, oils, waxes, some dyes, and other organic and inorganic compounds. Some studies has proved that 1,4-Dioxane has Cancer Risk for our body.

In three epidemiologic studies on workers exposed to 1,4-dioxane, the observed number of cancer cases did not differ from the expected cancer deaths. A study by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of rats and mice exposed to 1,4-dioxane in their drinking water reported increased incidences of liver carcinomas and adenomas and nasal cavity squamous cell carcinomas. 

Liver carcinomas and gallbladder carcinomas were observed in mice and guinea pigs, respectively. No treatment-related lesions resulted from exposure to 1,4-dioxane vapor in rats. EPA has classified 1,4-dioxane as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen. 

EPA uses mathematical models, based on human and animal studies, to estimate the probability of a person developing cancer from drinking water containing a specified concentration of a chemical. EPA calculated an oral unit risk estimate of 3.1* 10-7 ( µg/L)-1. EPA estimates that, if an individual were to continuously drink water containing 1,4-dioxane(CAS NO:123-91-1) at an average of 3.0 µg/L (3*10-3 milligrams per liter (mg/L)) over his or her entire lifetime, that person would theoretically have no more than a one-in-a-million increased chance of developing cancer as a direct result of drinking water containing 1,4-dioxane

Similarly, EPA estimates that drinking water containing 30.0 µg/L (3 x 10-2 mg/L) would result in not greater than a one-in-a-hundred thousand increased chance of developing cancer, and water containing 300.0 µg/L (3*10-1 mg/L) would result in not greater than a one-in-ten thousand increased chance of developing cancer. For a detailed discussion of confidence in the potency factors, please see IRIS. 

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2014年2月24日星期一

Do you have some questions about Acetaldehyde

Here are some questions and answers about Acetaldehyde I list for you, I hope it is help for you!

What is Acetaldehyde?

Acetaldehyde is a colorless fluid that is soluble in water. It is volatile and can smell fruity. It is also known as C2H40. It is mostly used in creating the silver part of mirrors and in organic synthesis.

How to pipette acetaldehyde?

Acetaldehyde(CAS NO: 75-07-0) has a low boiling point so it vapourises easily. Inside the pipette the vapour builds up a pressure that tends to force the liquid out, as you have said.You could try cooling the acetaldehyde, as this would reduce the vapour pressure inside the pipette. 

When you fill the pipette, draw the liquid in until it is well above the graduation mark. This willgive you more time to remove the filler bulb and control the flow rate from the pipette with the pressure from your thumb.

Why is ethanol a electron donor in an ethanol and acetaldehyde redox reaction?

During the conversion of an ethanol molecule to acetaldehyde two hydrogen atoms are extracted from the ethanol. Since a hydrogen atom contains a proton and an electron this process is called and oxidation and these electrons can be "donated" to a variety of other molecules resulting in their reduction.

How to describle the structural formula of acetaldehyde?

Since I can't draw in this format, I'll tell you what you have to do. Draw a C and attach 3 H's to it, along with another C. All of these are single bonded to the first carbon atom and are arranged around it in a tetrahedral 109.5 degree bond angle) configuration. The second carbon atom has a single H bonded to it with a single bond, and an oxygen that is double bonded to it. The arrangement here will be trigonal planar about the second C atom. 

Why is acetaldehyde not oxidised to acetic acid?

The usual progress of the reaction involving oxidation of ethanol is to produce ethanoic acid via the intermediate Acetaldehyde(CAS NO: 75-07-0) , ethanal. In order to do this you need to use an excess of the oxidising agent and make sure that the Acetaldehyde formed as the half-way product stays in the mixture.The alcohol is heated under reflux with an excess of the oxidising agent. When the reaction is complete, the carboxylic acid is distilled off. 

The full equation for the oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is: 
CH3CH2OH + [O] → CH3CHO + H2O - this is the Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde is further oxidised to the acid :CH3CHO + [O] → CH3COOH 

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2014年2月23日星期日

Warnings before taking Etodolac

Etodolac belongs to a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. It treats the symptoms of pain and inflammation. They do not treat the disease that causes those symptoms.

Etodolac is used to relieve pain from various conditions. It also reduces pain, swelling, and joint stiffness from arthritis. This medication is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It works by blocking your body's production of certain natural substances that cause inflammation. Etodolac(CAS NO:41340-25-4) may also be used to treat gout attacks.

Etodolac is licensed for the treatment of inflammation and pain caused by osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.Etodolac is generally avoided during pregnancy and nursing. NSAIDs may cause adverse cardiovascular effects in the fetus during pregnancy. 

If you are treating a chronic condition such as arthritis, ask your doctor about non-drug treatments and/or using other medications to treat your pain. See also Warning section.

People who take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as etodolac may have a higher risk of having a heart attack or a stroke than people who do not take these medications. These events may happen without warning and may cause death. This risk may be higher for people who take NSAIDs for a long time. 

Tell your doctor if you or anyone in your family has or has ever had heart disease, a heart attack, or a stroke, if you smoke, and if you have or have ever had high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Get emergency medical help right away if you experience any of the following symptoms: chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness in one part or side of the body, or slurred speech.

Etodolac(CAS NO:41340-25-4) can increase your risk of life-threatening heart or circulation problems, including heart attack or stroke. This risk will increase the longer you use etodolac. Do not use this medicine just before or after having heart bypass surgery.

Etodolac can also increase your risk of serious effects on the stomach or intestines, including bleeding or perforation. These conditions can be fatal and gastrointestinal effects can occur without warning at any time while you are taking etodolac. Older adults may have an even greater risk of these serious gastrointestinal side effects.

If you need take Etodolac, you should pay more attention to it. Learning more health information, properties or suppliers about Etodolac, you can access Guidechem. Guidechem chemical B2B network provides information on china and global chemical market quotation and relative chemical Information.

2014年2月21日星期五

High quality 4-Methoxyphenol in Guidechem

4-Methoxyphenol is a drug used in combination with the drug tretinoin in the treatment of liver spots. It used alone and in higher doses is used as a topical drug for medical depigmentation.The Molecular Formula is C7H8O2, Molecular Weight is 124.14, EINECS is 205-769-8. 4-Methoxyphenol is stable, combustible, incompatible with halogens, oxidizing agents. The CAS Registry Number of 4-Methoxyphenol is 150-76-5.

A combination of mequinol 2% & tretinoin 0.01% is commonly used in treating solar lentigines . Exactly how it works is unknown, but this compound is used along with a total skin care and sunlight avoidance program. This compound may also be used for other conditions as determined by one's dermatologist. Methoxyphenol is a depigmentation agent, like Monobenzone, it is the active ingredient in some depigmenting creams and ointments. A formulation of 20% 4-methoxyphenol ointment causes depigmentation in animal tissue.

Lower dosages of topical 4-Methoxyphenol and the Q-switched Ruby Laser have been used to depigment normal skin in vitiligo patients with disseminated idiopathic vitiligo.

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1.Capot Chemical Co., Ltd.
4-Methoxyphenol
Updatetime:Feb 21 2014
Purity:98% Min. Order:1/Kilogram Supply Ability:up to kgs Month/Kilogram
DetailDesc:124.14,C7H8O2
Tel:86-571-85586718
Address:Joinhands Science Park, No.4028,Nanhuan Road

2.Shijiazhuang Sdyano Fine Chemical Co., Ltd
Updatetime:Feb 21 2014
Introduction:Shijiazhuang Sdyano Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. is a company specializing in pharmaceutical intermediates, liquid crystal intermediates, PDLC LCD, OLED LCD, such as fine chemicals R & D, production and sales of integrated chemical enterprise modernization. Our company has three subsidiaries: R & D center, production base and sales. 
Tel:86-311-89830448
Address:Room 37-2-2501, Yiyuan Dong Gang Jianshe Nan Stree

3.Hangzhou Dayangchem Co., Ltd.
4-Methoxyphenol
Updatetime:Feb 21 2014
DetailDesc:4-Methoxyphenol
Tel:86-571-88938639
Address:B/2601 Fuli Building, 328# WenEr Rd. Hangzhou City 310012 China

4.Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co., Ltd.
Updatetime:Feb 20 2014
Purity:99%min Min. Order: Supply Ability:avaiable stock 
DetailDesc:P-Hydroxyanisole
Tel:0086-27-59207850
Address:A2705,Dong Yi Shi Qu,129# XinHua Road

5.Shanghai Dell Chemical Co.Ltd
4-Methoxyphenol(CAS NO: 150-76-5)
Updatetime:Feb 19 2014
Purity:NLT99% Min. Order:1/Kilogram Supply Ability:100 Year/Metric Ton
Tel:86-21-51950635
Address:Nianjiabang Rd, Pudong, Shang

6.Nanjing Norris-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd.
4-Methoxyphenol
Updatetime:Mar 29 2013
Purity:97% Min. Order:
DetailDesc:Pharmaceutical intermediates
Tel:86-25-66112881
Address:A1100 Cultural and Creative Industrial Park 5th Jiangning Road Nanjing 210006 China

7.China Huanyu Chemical Industrial Co.,Ltd
4-Methoxyphenol
Updatetime:Feb 21 2014
DetailDesc:4-Bromo-2-Nitrobenzoic Acid
Tel:86-310-6034055
Address:Maoyi Road,Hanshan District,Handan

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