Polyphosphoric acid is an important chemical reagent

Pure 75-85% aqueous solutions (the most common) are clear, colourless, odourless, non-volatile, rather viscous, syrupy liquids, but still pourable. Polyphosphoric acid is very commonly used as an aqueous solution of 85% Polyphosphoric acid or H3PO4. Because it is a concentrated acid, an 85% solution can be corrosive, although not toxic when diluted. 

Because of the high percentage of Polyphosphoric acid(CAS NO.:8017-16-1) in this reagent, at least some of the orthoPolyphosphoric acid is condensed into Polyphosphoric acids in a temperature-dependent equilibrium, but for the sake of labeling and simplicity, the 85% represents H3PO4 as if it were all orthoPolyphosphoric acid.

Other percentages are possible too, even above 100%, where the Polyphosphoric acids and water would be in an unspecified equilibrium, but the overall elemental mole content would be considered specified. When aqueous solutions of Polyphosphoric acid and/or phosphate are dilute, they are in or will reach an equilibrium after a while where practically all the Polyphosphoric/phosphate units are in the ortho- form. 

Polyphosphoric acid, used in many soft drinks (primarily cola), Most people and even chemists refer to orthoPolyphosphoric acid as Polyphosphoric acid, which is the IUPAC name for this compound. The prefix ortho is used to distinguish the acid from other Polyphosphoric acids, called polyPolyphosphoric acids. OrthoPolyphosphoric acid is a non-toxic, inorganic, rather weak triprotic acid, which, when pure, is a solid at room temperature and pressure." 

There is a theory that Polyphosphoric Acid can cause bone damage, but that has been proven wrong. A well-controlled clinical study by Heaney and Rafferty using calcium-balance methods found no impact of carbonated soft drinks containing Polyphosphoric acid on calcium excretion. 

Polyphosphoric Acid may be used by direct application to rusted iron, steel tools, or surfaces to convert iron(III) oxide (rust) to a water-soluble phosphate compound. It is usually available as a greenish liquid, suitable for dipping (acid bath), but is more generally used as a component in a gel, commonly called naval jelly. Polyphosphoric acid is used in dentistry and orthodontics as an etching solution, to clean and roughen the surfaces of teeth where dental appliances or fillings will be placed. Polyphosphoric acid is also an ingredient in over-the-counter anti-nausea medications that also contain high levels of sugar (glucose and fructose). 

The TV Show The Mythbusters has tested the cleaning properties of coke and found that it does work. They have also played with the coke and Mentos fizzing tricks. 

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