Alternatively, in place of Sodium hydrosulfide(CAS NO.:16721-80-5), H2S can be treated with an organic amine to generate an ammonium salt. Solutions of HS- are sensitive to oxygen, converting mainly to polysulfides, indicated by the appearance of yellow.
Sodium hydrosulfide is white, in the liquid state - black. It melts without decomposition, on further heating decomposes. Readily soluble in cold water (hydrolysis on the anion). Decomposed in the boiling solution. Neutralized by the alkali (as opposed to NH4HS). Attaches sulfur. A typical reducing agent, is oxidized by atmospheric oxygen.
Sodium Hydrosulfide is a solid consisting of colorless needles to lemon-yellow flakes. Sodium Hydrosulfide releases hydrogen sulfide in contact with moisture in the air, which smells like rotten eggs. The odor cannot be relied upon as a warning property as hydrogen sulfide paralyzes the sense of smell above 100 ppm. Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Corrosive to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Can cause permanent damage to eyes. Although this material does not readily ignite, it is combustible and can ignite if subjected to very high temperatures. Avoid contact with paper, wood or other combustible materials. Fine dust or powder may form explosive mixtures in air. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic vapors of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Avoid contact with moisture and acids. Firefighters should use full protective equipment and clothing.
Potential Health Effects: Eyes
Sodium Hydrosulfide is corrosive. Eye contact may cause severe irritation, pain, redness, blurred vision or burns which are slow to heal. Burns may result in blindness. Due to release of hydrogen sulfide upon contact with water, low level eye exposure (less than 10 ppm hydrogen sulfide) may cause scratchiness, inflammation, irritation. Higher concentrations (50 ppm hydrogen sulfide) can cause intense tearing, blurring of vision, extreme sensitivity to light, and rings around light. These symptoms normally disappear when exposure ends, but severe eye exposure to hydrogen sulfide can cause permanent damage to eye tissue.
Potential Health Effects: Skin
Sodium Hydrosulfide is corrosive. Depending on the duration of skin contact, skin overexposures may cause irritation or chemical burns resulting in blistering of skin and possible scarring. Repeated skin overexposures can result in dermatitis.
Potential Health Effects: Ingestion
Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Corrosive. Ingestion of Sodium Hydrosulfide can cause burns to lips, tongue, throat and stomach, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Sodium Hydrosulfide can react with acid in the stomach to release hydrogen sulfide. Effects would be as described under “inhalation”.
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation
May irritate the nose, throat and respiratory tract. Symptoms can include sore throat, coughing and shortness of breath. Inhalation of high concentrations, or prolonged inhalation can lead to a build-up of fluid in lungs (pulmonary edema), which can be fatal. Can react with moisture in the air to form toxic hydrogen sulfide. Low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (50 ppm) can result in dryness and irritation of nose and throat, runny nose, cough, and shortness of breath. Higher concentrations (200-500 ppm) cause severe irritation as well as headache, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Extremely high concentration of hydrogen sulfide (500 ppm) can cause rapid unconsciousness and death. Severe exposures to hydrogen sulfide that do not lead to death may result in memory loss, paralysis of facial muscles or nerve damage.
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